interest only mortgages

Interest only mortgages

If you elect to have a interest only mortgage then your payment to the lender only represents the interest due on the outstanding debt. In order to repay that debt then normally you would use an additional savings vehicle. One that enables you to build a fund of money from which you can clear the mortgage at the end of the agreed term. The lender may also expect you to have sufficient life assurance cover to enable your next of kin to repay the debt if you die during the term of the mortgage.

The three most common savings vehicles used for mortgage repayment are:-

ISA : you can benefit from the tax concessions available within these plans. Under current legislation any income or gains achieved from your ISA plan are tax-free. It is from the proceeds of your plan that pay off your mortgage. An added opportunity, if your ISA performs exceptionally well, or you can afford additional payments to it, is that you may be able to repay your mortgage ahead of schedule. On the other hand, if your ISA does not perform well, you may not have sufficient funds to repay your mortgage. You should regularly review how your ISA is performing throughout the term, to ensure you are on track to repay your mortgage and be prepared for short term fluctuations in the value.

All types of ISA are free of capital gains tax. So, if your ISA increases in value, you make a 'capital gain', but you do not have to pay capital gains tax on this increase.

Pension : by using the tax-free lump sum facility available from your pension plan to pay off your mortgage debt, you can take advantage of the tax relief that may be available on pension contributions. You must remember that under normal circumstances the benefits under pension plans may not be drawn before age 50 increasing to 55 from 2010. Therefore the earliest likely date at which you could repay your mortgage debt would be 50 increasing to 55 from 2010.

If pension benefits are provided by your employer, these cannot normally be taken until you actually retire from that employment. According if you are looking to pay off your mortgage earlier than when you retire then a Pension may not be the appropriate repayment vehicle for your needs.

Since part of your pension fund is being used to clear the mortgage debt, you should be aware that your income in retirement will reflect this fact as less money will be available for the provision of income. Careful consideration needs to be given to this repayment method. You would be wise to seek advice from your financial adviser before adopting this approach.

Endowment : These are Life Assurance policies that serve two purposes. Firstly they provide financial protection in case you die before the end of the mortgage term. Secondly, if you survive throughout the policy term, the investment element of the policy provides a lump sum (maturity value) that can be used to repay the outstanding mortgage debt.

The use of these arrangements has been very popular in the past but has received negative press coverage during in the 1990s. There is some suggestion that many of the problems were associated with poor advice when homebuyers first took out the endowment policies along side their mortgage loans. It must be understood that endowment policies are long-term investments, the value of which may rise and fall in line with the stock market. However over 25 years, they may yield more than the amount you need to pay off your mortgage although there are no guarantees available.

There are three types of endowment policies:

With profits: you share in the profit of the life company through which you buy the policy. This profit is added to the amount in your funds
Unit-linked: the value of your units rise and fall in line with the underlying funds into which your money is being invested

Unitised with profits: a new version of the traditional with profits concept that provides the ability to value the policy quick and allows the charges to be specified and collected in a similar manner to a unit linked plan.

Please note that none of the above methods are guaranteed to repay your mortgage at the end of the mortgage term.